In the past, high-risk infants used to be hospitalized<br>in intensive care units for long periods of<br>time and were discharged only when significant risk<br>factors no longer existed (Tafari & Sterky, 1974).<br>Today, on the other hand, infants are subject to<br>early discharge to reduce hospitalization expenses<br>(Richardson et al., 2001), use hospital beds more<br>effectively, prevent the risk of nosocomial infections<br>(Lian, Ying, Peng, & Yann, 2008), and shorten<br>the length of parent–infant separation (Lian et al.,<br>2008; Merritt, Pillers, & Prows, 2003).
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